Many manufacturers doing business today rely on product from outside the borders of the United States. Since Sept. 11, 2001, the Customs Border Patrol (CBP) has instituted the Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT) on a voluntary basis to secure the international supply chain to the United States. C-TPAT is simply one of the government’s initiatives to facilitate trade moving into the United States and keep the product secure. The hold up of cargo can be not only be expensive, but painfully slow and tedious.
As a result of this initiative, the CBP initiated a series of goals to secure the process. These goals, if met, earn the individual company within the international trade community the right to apply for certification that the company complies with the goals.
Businesses that may apply for C-TPAT must be related to the U.S. import supply chain cargo managing and transportation. These include:
* U.S. Importers of record
* U.S./Canada Highway Haulers
* U.S./Mexico Highway Haulers
* Rail Transporters
* Sea Transporters
* Air Transporters
* U.S. Marine Port Authority/Terminal Operators
* U.S. Air Freight Consolidators, Ocean Transportation Intermediaries and Non-Vessel Operating Common Transporters (NVOCC)
* Mexican and Canadian Production Companies
* Certain Invited Foreign Production Companies
* Licensed U.S. Customs Agents
* Third Party Logistics Suppliers (3PL)
* Long Haul Highway Transporters in Mexico
One portion of the C-TPAT initiative involves the physical security of the product during the movement through the supply chain. The C-TPAT requires that the cargo handling areas and the storage facilities must have protective barriers and deterrents in place that guard against unauthorized access.
Your local material handling C-TPAT expert or business storage solutions company can assist you with fulfilling the following requirements:
Fencing
Perimeter fencing is needed to enclose the areas around the handling and storage facilities. Also, in many cases, interior fencing is needed within a building to segregate domestic, international, high value and hazardous cargo.
Standard, welded wire fencing and woven-wire fencing with secured, locked, doors serves as an effective protective barrier under most circumstances. This fencing must be inspected on a regular basis for any damage and integrity.
Gates and Guard Shacks
The holding area for trucks and other transporter vehicles should be controlled through guard shacks and security gates which allow an individual to monitor and check in or out all products according to C-TPAT guidelines.
Locking Devices
Every possible point of entrance must be secured with locking devices. This includes outdoor and indoor windows, fences and other protective barriers, and security gates. All keys must be under strict control by security personnel.
Contact your local material handling C-TPAT expert for guidance and selection of the correct protective barriers and security gates for your particular needs. A reputable company will understand and work with you to meet the minimum C-PTAT security criteria.
About AME Vertical AME Vertical, headquartered in Troy, MI, provides storage solutions to businesses throughout the United States, and North America. The Company was founded in 2001 and has grown into a multi-million dollar supplier of storage solutions for customers in many industries, including retail, manufacturing, distribution, and engineering services. AME Vertical also supplies thousands of products to the United States Government through its General Services Administration Contract. Visit http://amevertical.com/ for more information on how to effectively use your current storage space.
Few historical figures are as inextricably linked as Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee. But less than two decades before they faced each other as enemies at Appomattox, they had been brothers–both West Point graduates, both wearing blue, and both fighting in the same cadre in the Mexican War. They were not alone: Sherman, Davis, Jackson-nearly all of the Civil War’s greatest soldiers had been fo…
nowadays is IT Japaneses, Mexican, or American? and who are other best flyers
I think Jack Evans comes to mind way sooner than Jeff Hardy. Those who are answering Jeff Hardy and Rey Jr. need to think outside the box. The box being WWE and who the WWE tells you to like who the WWE tells you who’s the best.
However Rey Mysterio Jr. has had numerous moves in his career but he is getting old and I don’t want to name the same wrestler for like 10 years.
Back in the day Hayabusa and Liger were innovative, nowadays, Rey Jr. does the same thing and he’s one of the only one doing it.
Not to mention, numerous moves in the WWE are banned. Only a couple wrestlers can do the shooting star or the 450 and those moves is what high flying wrestling was built on. And I don’t even think Rey even did the 450 and the shooting star. Billy Kidman is gone because he can’t do the shooting star no more.
I think AJ Style and Jack Evans and others who are doing Shooting Star Leg Drops and M Dogg 20 (Matt Cross) with Shooting Star elbow drops and DDTs are blowing the roof of Rey Rey. They don’t even call him Jr.
If you look at Chavo and Eddie Gurerro, RVD was a way better high flyer. RVD even invented a few moves and did a high angle frog splash and twisting and half way across the ring frog splash.
Another on of the best American high flyers is Matt Sydal. He does springboards (which I still think make a difference) into anything and the Double Helix corkscrew moonsault is incredible and outrageous.
others include Austin Aries, El Genrico, Ben Satterly, Jack Evans…
I don’t think the WWE has much to offer and I think TNA should expand their X Division by having an X Division Tag Team and a second TNA Wrestling TV Show
Give your HTC Flyer 7″ inch tablet a stylish look and protect it from abuse at the same time. Forget about bulky cases that make your HTC Flyer 7-inch tablet look thick and fat. MightySkins hardly adds any volume to your device and creates a whole new look that sets you apart from the crowd. Mightyskins also provide basic scratch protection to keep your device in prime condition at all times. This…
This unique set of doll, puppy and wagon will make many smile. The doll closes her eyes when laid down, and laughs when her tummy is pushed. She is 12 inches tall! She has a soft filled body and rooted hair.
The wagon is a real steel wagon with real hinged handle and turning steering. It can be pulled with the doll and puppy in it.
Requires 3 x “AG13″ batteries (included). These are watch-sized…
Restaurant logos may be some of the most important logos to get right of any business type. Think about the logos children first learn to recognize. Most of the logos that a child first learns to recognize are food and restaurant logos.
Often simply seeing a restaurant logo can trigger the desire to eat at that restaurant. How many times have you seen a logo and suddenly realized that you are hungry? For me there is a Mexican Restaurant here in town that has a logo of a man in a sombrero standing in front of a Mexican flag. Every time I see that logo I start craving some Carne Asada or Enchiladas. That is the power of a good logo.
How To Design A Restaurant Logo
Restaurants rely on repeat business from returning customers who visit the restaurant again and again. The restaurant’s logo should instantly remind those customers of their dining experience at the restaurant and build the desire to visit again.
The logo should contain elements that suggest the type of food the restaurant serves. This can be as simple as incorporating the colors of a flag for an establishment that serves ethnic food or a stylized symbol that is closely related to the food, like a triangle that resembles a slice of pizza for a pizzeria.
The logo should symbolize the style of the restaurant. And elegant logo design for a fine dining experience or a symbol that has a feel of motion for a quick bustling bistro. A family dining restaurant should have a logo that expresses family and community. Colors and arrangement should set the restaurant apart from other restaurants in the area, leaving no ambiguity as to which restaurant is being represented.
A restaurant log should be as simple as you can make IT. Because your product is tied to a basic primal need, your logo should speak to that need in simple bold ways that will directly tap into the customers natural drives.
Where to get a Restaurant Logo
Most large corporations already understand just how important their logo is in bringing in new customers and bringing repeat diners back for another meal. Many smaller, sole proprietor restaurants tend to miss out on really thinking this through. They just don’t understand how important the logo is to their business health.
Often you will see that they just have their name with no real logo at all. A name can be a logo, but it has to be done a certain way. Ryan’s is a popular Buffet restaurant in the Midwest and South Eastern United States. Ryan’s uses their name as a logo, but in order to pull this off they created a distinctive typeface, called a logotype, that makes the word completely different from any other representation.
Other restaurants will just grab a free clipart or a ready-made logo and use that, but this is a big mistake. A ready-made logo or a free clip art graphic can not symbolize your restaurant uniquely because others can use the same image and dilute your brand.
The best thing to do is contact a professional logo designer and work with them to create a restaurant logo that perfectly captures your restaurant’s unique dining experience and becomes an ambassador and sales force for your business.
About the Author
Build your brand and get noticed with a custom logo design. Joseph has been helping businesses build their brands and raise awareness by providing professional logo design services for new start ups on a budget.
This 1970s movie produced for the UCLA Social Seminar Series is about Chicanos and Chicanas – Mexican Americans – and their struggles. Specifically, the film follows a young Chicano youth named Guy who tries to survive in an urban ghetto. Guy never had any problems in school until around seventh grade. At that time, he began experimenting with drugs and getting involved with Mexican street gangs. …
GIANT Wall Sticker of an historic map from the Panoramic Maps Collection of the Library of Congress. Emerald Honeybee offers only the BEST in quality. Our Wall Stickers are printed by a Professional Graphics Company using a MIMAKI Eco-Solvent Printer and archival inks. (Which means your poster is UV protected and will not fade over time). Shipped rolled in a tube. Description of this Poster is as …
Cave, City, And Eagle’s Nest is the culmination of an international research project and series of conferences, organized by the Moses Mesoamerican Archive, focused on the sixteenth-century pictorial manuscript known as the Mapa de Cuauhtinchan No. 2. Painted on bark paper and measuring 109 x 204 centimeters, this extraordinary document contains over seven hundred images and symbols relating the s…
Our most detailed wall map of Mexico, updated with National Geographic’s rich, antique-inspired Executive styling. Features thousands of place names, accurate political boundaries, national parks including Cumbres de Monterrey National Park, biosphere reserves including El Vizcaino Biosphere Reserve, archeological sites including the ruins of the Yucatan Peninsula, and major infrastructure network…
The ceramics of Mexico embody the diversity and cultural wealth of the country itself. The production of pottery is one of the oldest Mexican crafts. There is not a state in Mexico that does not produce some sort of ceramic ware, whether it be for purposes decorative, functional, religious, or playful. This book displays Mexican ceramics of the twentieth century. It is organized by geographic area…
puede salir de un negro intenso viaje de los hongos mexicanos?
fui a Amsterdam en 2004 y tomó los hongos mexicanos con 5 de mis compañeros, el hombre que les dio a nos fue bien sospechoso, el asistente de la mujer le dirigió una mirada muy extraña, como él los vende a nosotros, tomó una bolsa de cada uno, pagó cerca de 10 libras en dinero británico para ellos, mucho cuento que fui a la el peor viaje de mi vida y al final me desmayé, me parece? i didnt siento que baja ni nada, sólo vine redondas y todo estaba normal otra vez, mis compañeros dijeron mis ojos estaban abiertos los todo el tiempo pero yo estaba catatónico, lo hizo llegar tan intenso a mitad de camino que tenía que acostarse y pensar lo que va a pasar va a pasar y que debe de estado cuando me flotando, su 2009 y sumtimes cuando pienso en ella me sale horrible flashback (pensamientos del viaje) He intentado tan desesperadamente difícil saber lo que me pasó durante ese viaje, pero mi cerebro tiene sentido trivial de cualquier de ella y creo que me DNT nunca, hizo por i negro??
Nunca tuve hongos que fueron intensas pero que nunca he hecho nada en Amsterdam .. escucho por ahí todo el humo y los hongos es realmente potente y una patada en el …..
In the Time of the Butterflies tells the real-life story of the Mirabal sisters, courageous revolutionaries known covertly as las Mariposas (“the Butterflies”). The sisters’ years of dissent during the Trujillo dictatorship in the Dominican Republic led to their eventual murder in 1960, a brutal crime that signaled the beginning of the end for Trujillo. Told through the eyes of Minerva Mirabal (Sa…
Cre-C Shampoo Max for Re Growing Hair and Avoiding Hair Loss is based in 100% Natural Herbal Ingredients. Shampoo Cre C imported from Mexico works both for men and women. Shampoo Crece.
Ingredients: Deionized water, lemon essence, citric acid, cocodimethylamine, nettle extract, aloe vera extract, verbain extract, jojoba seed extract, espinosilla extract, chamomile extract and other 100 % natural …
Butt Enhancement is the shaping, lifting and smoothing of the buttocks area. If you are suffering from a saggy, flat butt you can resort to strenuous exercises routines like Butt Lift exercise programs as seen on TV commercials or you can just rub on Brazilian Miracle butt enhancement cream….
Photo Puzzle, RUIZ LOTTERY TICKET SELLER. A Mexican woman nurses her child as she sells. RUIZ LOTTERY TICKET SELLER. A Mexican woman nurses her child as she sells lottery tickets. Oil on canvas by Antonio Ruiz, 1932. Chosen by Granger Art on Demand. 10×14 Photo Puzzle with 252 pieces. Packed in black cardboard box of dimensions 5 5/8 x 7 5/8 x 1 1/5. Puzzle image 5×7 affixed to box top. Puzzle pie…
Esta pregunta es para Roy H. ¿Cómo se puede conseguir el bienestar de los inmigrantes ilegales, y withouth SSN Medicare?
Usted da sus estadísticas acerca de cómo todo este dinero se gasta en inmigrantes ilegales que recogen el bienestar y atención médica, sin embargo, no puede obtener ya sea por la simple razón de que son inmigrantes ilegales. En los hospitales, no pueden recibir tratamiento a menos es una emergencia potencialmente mortal. Conducen coches asegurados porque hay compañías de seguros que aseguran a los conductores sin licencia. México no es la única etnia que crea las pandillas. La deserción escolar caso, muestra el problema inherente del racismo en este país. No todos escuchan la música rap, y mucho menos jugar a voz alta en su sistema estéreo, especialmente si estás conduciendo sin licencia. Ellos pagan impuestos y reciben Seguro Social y Medicare retenidos de sus cheques de pago. Mire los números reales y no los alimentados a usted por sus amigos en el KKK. Paz
Mi querida, tal vez usted debería tratar de buscar en la verdad, porque la basura está escupiendo es basura prejuicios alimentados a usted por algún tonto …. programa impulsado y se lo creyeron. No vaya a tratar la lección para encontrar la verdad que busca …. buscar la verdad cruda. No decir todo lo que dices ….. es inexacto, sino su sesgo es más bien gruesa y un eco de la viscosidad de espesor que poner uno en la misma categoría mientras Bush y otros similares. Abrir los ojos a tu chica ….. inmigrantes ilegales consiguen el bienestar, y consiguen un infierno de mucho más que la atención de emergencia "(hacer su tarea … encontrarás el gobierno mexicano incluso los fondos de un programa para los inmigrantes ilegales de obtener la atención GRATIS DE AMÉRICA-PAGADO primaria). KKK tiene nada que ver con el argumento de que alguien puso en esto (y que es un típico, irreflexiva, e infantil réplica), aunque su falta de educación y la mentalidad abierta al respecto te hace ver mucho más tonto que un goofiest buscando el desfile de las sábanas blancas tonto por ahí. Una vez más ….. bibliotecas son sus amigo, mi hijo. …. Por el camino lo que hace que usted piensa que su programa impulsado por alimentador es mejor que el Ku Klux Klan? arrogante del poderoso ya que no toma en cuenta que son aparentemente iguales. Usted debe pensar que son especiales ….. cómo Beverly Hills, por debajo de autobús ya.
Kevin and Julie travel to London. Kevin loathes sightseeing. Julie is the quintessential tourist. Kevin ends up enjoying the trip but doesn’t tell Julie. He secretly writes a book about his fond memories to surprise her and express his love….
This digital document is an article from National Underwriter Property & Casualty-Risk & Benefits Management, published by The National Underwriter Company on September 18, 1989. The length of the article is 542 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchas…
This digital document is an article from National Underwriter Property & Casualty-Risk & Benefits Management, published by The National Underwriter Company on September 25, 1995. The length of the article is 591 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchas…
What's your favorite song??? my list of land lost SPM vs. Los ghost never change the system foul the rich 3rd Wish in my hood vogues park diane album Mary freestyle go something about Mary dope house family game of illegal drug revenge amigos power is about the time passes Hillwood Hustlaz money
Dope house family mafia Mary Mexican radio tower would go third Filthy Rich
SpM – South Park Mexican – The – Time Is Money – Album
My neighbors parents were born in the country of Mexico and speak English and Spanish fluently. Anyway, day at work someone said: "IT speaks well of Mexico (sic)." and I corrected it by saying, "Mexico is not a language. Would you say in Spanish? ". He said:" No, There is a difference between Mexican and Spanish. "So when I saw my neighbors I asked. They told me there was a difference but could not explain what was the difference. My idea is that America and Australians have in common venacular their culture, but we're not saying that we are talking about America. We speak English. So I'm lost. Is Mexican language and, if so, what is the difference between Mexican and Spanish?
There is no such language called "Mexican" in Mexico, like most Latin American countries, speak Spanish. They have different accents and slang (and other countries have their own slang), but language is Spanish.
This important video explores misconceptions about Mexican culture as well as stereotypes Mexicans share about their neighbors to the north. Cultural differences often spark conflict and mistrust. Watch the Peterson and Garcia families explore what they have in common, and hear opinions from a group of diverse teens to help undo common stereotypes….
New York City, the melting pot of the United States, contains the nation’s largest West Indian immigrant population. Since the immigration explosion of 1965, the Afro-Caribbean influx has impacted the social dynamic of the United States and its native-born African Americans, often with volatile results. Black Identities, an important sociological work by Mary C. Waters, explores the question, “How…
Within the next decade, Hispanics will become the largest minority group in the United States. The new immigrants have ignited a vibrant Latin explosion in popular culture and deeply affected American society. Spanning 500 years-from the first New World colonies to our nation’s nineteenth-century westward expansion, from the days of gunboat diplomacy to the turn of the millennium-Harvest of Empire…
Whether negotiating a delivery date, launching a local franchise, or renting a car in Mexico City, speaking the language and knowing the rules of business is not enough. In any culture where yes can mean no-or sometimes maybe-corporate giants, including Wal-Mart and IBM, can make costly mistakes. Mexicans and Americans: Cracking the Cultural Code gets to the heart of our differences and lays the g…
Mis dos obras maestras mítico creado a partir de mi mente una de cada sexo y los dos están super fino me iniciarlo con mi chico al que personalmente considero su raciales constituyen un medio súper mosca mexicana y mitad blanco sabes por qué me llamó la atención me encanta tu piel cremosa y complection el acento con el que hablas me encanta tu estilo hasta me encanta el botín en su caminar ahora es tiempo de ponerlo una y describir mi chica eres medio hispano, caucásico y medio que me llamó la atención que eres inteligente y que está gruesa exactamente cómo me gusta que mis pollitos ahora es una sacudida para arriba entre usted y mi hijo me encanta estar con ustedes dos y cada uno de ustedes me traen tanta alegría
Definición de préstamo interbibliotecario: 1. No saludable; enfermo: Me empezó a sentirse mal la semana pasada. 2. No normal; erróneas: una condición de enfermos de cuerpo y mente. 3. Resultando en el sufrimiento; nocivos o molestos: los efectos negativos de una política errónea. 4. 1. Como resultado de o sugestivos de malas intenciones: malas acciones cometidas por despecho. 2. Atribuir una calidad inaceptable: tiene una visión mal de ese grupo político. 3. u hostil: los malos sentimientos hostiles entre los rivales. 4. Nocivo; perniciosa: los efectos negativos de una política errónea. 5. No favorables, desfavorables: las predicciones de los malos. 6. No medir a los estándares de excelencia reconocido, a partir del comportamiento o conducta. Adv., Peor, peor. 1. En una forma enfermiza o poco sólido, no muy bien. 2. Apenas o con dificultad. n. 1. El mal, el pecado. 2. Desastres, angustia o daño. 3. Algo que causa sufrimiento, problemas: los males sociales de la vida urbana. 4. Algo que refleja de manera desfavorable en uno: Por favor, no hablar mal de mí cuando me haya ido. Si usted ha querido decir "¿Tiene el pecho a mi poema? entonces yo tendría que decir: no necesariamente. La poesía es la forma de expresar sus sentimientos, y no debería importar si es exactamente "buena" o no. El hecho es que todo aquel que escribió esto para entiende sus sentimientos hacia ellos, o que usted tiene algo fuera de su pecho que le ha estado molestando por un tiempo. Pero seguir escribiendo el hombre, y buena suerte con tu elección.
The multi-faceted Andre Kostelanetz left his mark on the music world as an acclaimed conductor/arranger/accompanist. His most notable contribution is the creation of the Easy Listening genre, done by bridging the gap between Classical and Pop music. Highlights on this 6 CD box set include Irving Berlin’s ‘Cheek To Cheek’, George Gershwin’s ‘The Man I Love’ and Jerome Kern’s ‘Smoke Gets In Your…
Lucky (Rapulana Seiphemo) has been spending most of his life living in the gangster’s paradise of Johannesburg, South Africa, in the years before and after apartheid. He soon graduates from petty crime to become a local kingpin through real estate scams, but when rival druglords and the authorities close in on Lucky, it threatens his dream of escaping from his brutal world. Jeffrey Zekele and Shel…
Available for the first time in paperback, The Collected Poems of Frank O’Hara reflects the poet’s growth as an artist from the earliest dazzling, experimental verses that he began writing in the late 1940s to the years before his accidental death at forty, when his poems became increasingly individual and reflective….
Not many authors kill their main character on page two, but when Gary Soto does in The Afterlife the tactic results in a richly textured coming of age story. Chuy is a normal teenage guy, making his way in the barrios of Fresno, California, and hoping to impress a pretty girl. Carefully combing his hair in the restroom at Club Estrella, he only has a few moments to consider his “loverboy” strategy…
A candid, sexy and wonderfully mood-strewn collection of poetry that celebrates the female aspects of love, from the reflective to the overtly erotic. “Poignant, sexy. . . lyrical, passionate. . . cool and delicate. . . hot as a chili pepper.”–Boston Globe….
This article identifies three 21st Century realities that are redefining research in educational administration: 1) the increasing need for relevancy and authenticity in addressing community and school problem solving contexts; 2) the need for a research method that permits the kind of in depth interviewing of knowledgeable individuals with minimal Institutional Review Board (IRB) oversight; and 3) a methodology that can be facilitated by emerging technologies. Oral history has been employed in many disciplines but has seldom been used in educational administration. IT offers some promise and the authors suggest possible uses and interpretations of one proposed oral history project and one completed oral history project.
The purpose of this article is to examine oral history interviewing and historical research as a viable research method within the broad family of research methodologies in educational administration and educational leadership. The evolution of research methodology in educational administration has been influenced by changing paradigms, changing needs, increasing institutional Review Board (IRB) oversight, and changing technology. Educational administration research differs from other academic disciplines in that it involves the opportunity to find new and innovative uses for research findings for problem solving and decision making in school settings.
Research in Educational Administration Undergoing Transformation
Educational administration research has undergone great transformation during the past century. Business management principles drawn from industry dominated the first half of the 20th Century of educational administration thought. During the 1950’s and 1960’s various social science methods and concepts shaped a new generation of educational administration thought and research methodology (Campbell, Fleming, Newell & Bennion, 1987; Murphy, 2003, Fall). By the late 1980’s business and social science methodologies were supplemented though not replaced by qualitative methods drawn from anthropology. Action research fills yet another educational administration research niche. It places less emphasis on formal theoretical constructs while focusing on authentic, campus-based data gathering, and problem-solving. This continuing growth in acceptance of research methodologies from other disciplines was described by Campbell, et al:
Educational administration is an applied field rather than an academic discipline. It does not draw upon a single body of literature nor use a single set of scholarly tools…an applied field must maintain a vital concern not only with the extension of knowledge but also with the improvement of practice…Similarly…an applied field must be concerned with problems in their totality – drawing on the methods of many disciplines. (1987, p. 3)
Not all influences on educational administration research in the 21st Century have been methodological. A national increase in Institutional Review Board (IRB) oversight has greatly influenced educational administration research (Herrington & Kritsonis, 2006). There remains great variance among universities regarding the extent to which educational research is subject to IRB oversight. Some universities exempt educational studies from IRB oversight completely, especially those studies that were intended to examine quality improvement in educational institutions or action research used for classroom instruction. Some universities were requiring complete reviews of every aspect of research regardless of methodology or intended uses of the data. Navigating the maze of IRB restrictions at some institutions has led to avoidance of some research methodologies or populations and in some cases resulted in diminished research activity altogether (Herrington & Kritsonis, 2006).
Technology has made most forms of research far more convenient and achievable. For example more user-friendly Windows or UNIX based statistical software programs such as Stat-Pac, (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and SAS have replaced hand-calculations, data punchcard readers, and mainframe versions of the statistical software. Qualitative researchers have access to coding software such as HyperRESEARCH 2.6, NVIVO 7, computer-assisted Qualitative Data Analysis (QAQDAS 07) to assist with high volume qualitative data coding capabilities. Audio and video recording equipment, imaging equipment, and related software continue to be developed for oral history recording, however, analog recordings continue to be preferred by most oral history professionals.
The challenge for educational researchers in the 21st Century is to select a methodology that can provide a relevant context for examining education issues within specific contexts that are reliably and accurately preserved. The methodology must also yield a study that is achievable within a reasonable time frame, is affordable, and must satisfy ethical requirements or minimize the need for IRB scrutiny.
A Methodology-in-Waiting
Charlton (1985) defined oral history as “the recording and preserving of planned interviews with selected persons able to narrate recollected memory and thereby aid the reconstruction of the past” (p.2). Baum (1978) defined oral history as:
1. a tape recorded interview, or interviews, in question-and-answer format,
2. conducted by an interview who has some, and preferably the more the better, knowledge of the subject to be discussed,
3. with a knowledgeable interview, someone who knows whereof he or she speaks from personal participation or observation (sometimes we allow a second-hand account),
4. subjects’ of historical [or community] interest…
5. accessible, eventually, in tapes and/or transcripts to a broad spectrum of researchers. (pp. 389-390)
The value of oral history for educational researchers and practitioners is found in the background that can be provided by credible participants who are able to enrich understandings of the immediate problem-solving context or who can draw parallels with other contexts. Sometimes dramatic events or significant phenomena require giving voice to otherwise silent observers or constituencies that know the true nature of the problem of interest, but who have never been consulted by historians or decision makers. For example, ethnographic shifts in recent years have created major cultural divides in communities and schools that challenge long held assumptions of teachers and administrators regarding their client student populations.
An example is found in formerly rural/now suburban high school campus that in 1995-2004 comparison revealed the following demographic changes in students and teachers. In 1995 only 17 percent of the students of this inner city campus were Hispanic, 15 percent were African American, 65 percent of students were Anglo. The teacher demographic representations were similar. Ten years later 67 percent of the students were Hispanic, 17 percent were African American, but only 16 of the students were Anglo. The teacher demographics remained relatively unchanged over the same 10 years.
Conversations with parents, teachers, and administrators reveals that the unexpected demographic gaps that occurred during the preceding ten year period had resulted in an increase of racial tensions wherein teachers/student and teacher/parent conflicts occuring. The achievement of Hispanic students continued a downward spiral, attendance and dropouts were increasing, and disciplinary alternative educational placements were soaring. These realities placed the district in jeopardy of losing its standing based on statewide criteria and NCLB standards. This was a phenomenon that could be documented through oral history interviews and the results made available as a case for other districts. In this case a number of interventions might be possible in the short run but a comprehensive and effectively planned longer term plan informed by carefully conducted oral histories would provide some valuable context and community history of the community that can provide answers to working with all parties affected by the problem.
Another example is the fact that during the 1960’s and 1970’s the educational and experiential cornerstones for the first generation of Mexican-American college and university presidents and chancellors in the state of Texas and the nation were being established within an educational and cultural environment of South Texas that was hostile to the aspirations and future advancement of Latinos (Herrington, 1993, August). What can be learned about the education and mentoring experiences of these highly successful individuals would be invaluable to educators and other minority individuals making career and education decisions.
These two very real scenarios though unrelated have some connectedness. There are lessons that the teachers and administrators at the high school undergoing dramatic demographic shifts (study proposed but not yet conducted) could learn from the South Texas study of successful Hispanic students who grew up in communities that 30 and 40 years earlier resembled their current demographic and cultural realities. Communities that are just beginning to face the realities of permanently altered demographic landscapes can learn a great deal from their South Texas predecessors, precisely because those experiences have been previously recorded and transcribed for future reference (Herrington, 1993, August). The thoughts and feelings of these successful Hispanic individuals regarding their experiences, parents, teachers, and mentors (many of whom were Anglo as well as Hispanic) are eloquently recorded and transcribed for posterity. Their stories reveal personal strategies and significant persons who once extended a helping hand.
In both of these cases, oral history methodology presents perhaps the only way to preserve otherwise unobtainable information. Concerning oral history Hoffman (1974) wrote:
Its most important advantage…is that it makes possible the preservation of life experience of persons who do not have the …leisure to write their memoirs…Interviews with people who have been foot soldiers in various important movements of social change but have heretofore been unrecorded may now be preserved and hence their impact assessed. (p. 26)
The Role of History in Educational Reform
Scholars have identified several uses for history in educational research. History can be instrumental in effecting social reform, predicting future trends, or in influencing practice through the training of educators (Borg & Gall, 1983). Comparing the work of historian to that of psychotherapist Borg, et al noted that history has a particularly liberating function for educators:
To Freud, neurosis is the failure to escape the past, the burden on one’s history. What is repressed returns distorted and is eternally reenacted. The psychotherapist’s task is to help the patient reconstruct the past. In this respect the historian’s goal resembles that of the therapist – to liberate us from the burden of the past by helping us to understand it. (p. 802)
It is our common understanding of history and the ability to learn from our shared past that distinguishes humans from all other creatures. Wector (1957, August) wrote:
Chimpanzee with a stack of empty boxes and a banana hanging out of reach soon learns by his own experience. But man alone learns from the experience of others. History makes this possible. In the broadest sense, all that we know is history. More strictly, it is the road map of the past. (p. 24)
History is our collective memory. The ability to utilize history and extract useful generalizations and theories is uniquely human. Without a record of the past we are left to navigate life’s course without the aid of those who have gone before us.
In a cogent essay published posthumously, Kennedy (1964, February) provided several reasons for examining the historical record. He noted:
There is little that is more important…without [history]…[one] stands uncertain and defenseless before the world, knowing neither where he has come from nor where he is going. With such knowledge, he is no longer alone but draws a strength far greater than his own from the cumulative experience of the past and the cumulative vision of the future. (p.3)
Ethical Oversight of Oral History
And Technological Considerations
Historical research and particularly oral history interviewing provides context and clear precedents that can be explored and considered for educational policy as well as practice. Educational researchers and IRB board members might wince at the notion of preserving recorded interviews. Such practice seems to contradict ethical provisions safeguarding anonymity of research subjects. This is where the difference between oral history interviewing and other methodologies is important. Unlike any other discipline or methodology, oral history interviewing requires the spoken words of a specifically named individual connected in time and place by means of recording data on audio tapes, video tapes, images, documents, and transcripts preserved so as to be accessible for historical verification (Dunaway, D.K. & Baum, 1984).
To address this ethics concern, the Organization of American Historians (OAH) and the Oral History Society (OHS) in October 2003 successfully petitioned the U.S. Office for Human Research Protection (OHRP), part of the Department of Health and Human Services, for a special ruling on oral history research interviewing. They were especially concerned with oral history projects that do not involve the type of research defined by HHS regulations. It was determined that some oral history projects may not fall under the “Common Rule” (45 CFR, part 46) that define research as “a systematic investigation, including research development, testing and evaluation, designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge.” According to the Organization of Oral Historians (2003, November):
This type of research involves standard questionnaires with large samples of individuals who remain anonymous, not the open-ended interviews with identifiable individuals who give their interviews with ‘informed consent’ that characterizes oral history. Only those oral history projects that conform to the regulatory definition of research will now need to submit their research protocols for IRB review. (p. 17)
An advantage of the oral history interview, therefore, if the study is carefully designed, is that IRB oversight has become far less restrictive than for other methodologies.
Concluding Remarks
In conclusion, oral history methodology is technology-intensive. Emerging 21st Century technologies as well as existing technologies continue to simplify and broaden the capabilities of the oral historian, both for gathering information and presenting information in a variety of formats. Digitizing voice, image, video, and text materials have greatly reduced the processing and production time for producing and presenting oral history findings.
Finally, oral history interviewing, more than ever before, has enormous potential for giving voice to silent but important players within the arenas of social change – including community and school. In order make any further changes in our school systems educational leaders and researchers have got to find ways to hear these previously unheard voices. Well designed studies that seek out these voices of individuals who have given informed consent can provide historically and contextually rich information specific to time and place with minimal IRB oversight. Finally, technology is rapidly expanding the repertoire of formats for archiving and presenting very useful and usable knowledge to drive school improvement.
References
Baum, W.K. (1978). The expanding role of the librarian in oral history. Library Lectures,
6, 33-43. In Dunaway, D.K. & Baum, W.K. (Eds.), Oral history: An interdisciplinary anthology pp. 387-406). Nashville, TN: American Association for State and Local History and the Oral History Association.
Borg, W.R. & Gall, M.D. (1983). Educational research (4th ed.). New York: Longman.
Campbell, R.F., Fleming, T., Newell, L.J. & Bennion, J.W. (1987). A history of thought
and practice in educational administration. New York: Teachers College Press.
Charlton, T.C. (1985). Oral history for Texans (2nd ed.). Austin, Texas: Texas Historical
TN:American Association for State and Local History and the Oral History Assocociation.
Herrington, D. E. (1993). Barriers, influences, and leadership challenges of selected
Mexican-American upper level administrators in South Texas public higher education, 1970 to 1990. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. College Station, Texas: Texas A&M Universi
Herrington, D.E. & Kritsonis, W. (2006). A national perspective for improving the
working relationship between educational researchers and Institutional Review Board members. National Forum for Educational Research Journal, 19(3), 1-5.
Organization of American Historians (2003, November). Oral history excluded from IRB
review. OAH Newsletter, 31(3), 17.
Wector, Dixon (1957, August). History and how to write it. American Heritage, 8(5), 24- 27, 87.
About the Author
Dr. Kritsonis Recognized as Distinguished Alumnus
In 2004, Dr. William Allan Kritsonis was recognized as the Central Washington University Alumni Association Distinguished Alumnus for the College of Education and Professional Studies. Dr. Kritsonis was nominated by alumni, former students, friends, faculty, and staff. Final selection was made by the Alumni Association Board of Directors. Recipients are CWU graduates of 20 years or more and are recognized for achievement in their professional field and have made a positive contribution to society. For the second consecutive year, U.S. News and World Report placed Central Washington University among the top elite public institutions in the west. CWU was 12th on the list in the 2006 On-Line Education of “America’s Best Colleges.”
University Games The 39 Clues Jigsaw Puzzle — 200 pc.This game, based on the best-selling series of books, pits teams of players against each other in a race throughout the world. To win, a team must visit four mysterious locations and gather enough clues to unlock the secret chamber. Books 1 to 3 have all been at the top of the New York Times bestseller list for juvenile books. Scholastic and Un…
Living history is a style of instructive and entertaining performance that seeks to bring history to life with the use of costumes, tools, and reenactments appropriate to a specific time period. Done well, living history performances illuminate human experience in powerful, unforgettable ways.The fifteen living history plays in this collection were commissioned by museums and historic sites in Tex…
Hailed as a classic by reviewers and historians, Bertram Wyatt-Brown’s Southern Honor now appears in abridged form under the title Honor and Violence in the Old South. Winner of a Phi Alpha Theta Book Award and a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in History, this is the first major reinterpretation of Southern life and custom since W.J. Cash’s The Mind of the South. It explores the meaning and expr…
During the brief history of the Republic of Texas (1836-1845), over 10,000 Germans emigrated to Texas. Perhaps best remembered today are the farmers who settled the Texas Hill Country, yet many of the German immigrants were merchants and businesspeople who helped make Galveston a thriving international port and Houston an early Texas business center. This book tells their story.Drawing on extensiv…
"Whatever we do, the environment should be the centerpiece"
Wangari Maathai, Nobel Laureate for Peace
Prologue
Most of us involved in the way which the capitalist economy living beyond our budget environment. Our buildings consume more materials and our Energy air-con again, and resources of our cars, more than any human being can justify an environmental balance.
There is something tribal driven by the ego. ego-oriented among us as one succumbing to addiction darkest and most of mankind – the accumulation money and showing beyond his ability to consume in a desperate attempt to demonstrate its "value".
Like heroin, addicts Money does whatever IT takes to meet the need.
Absent fundamental human values, one value becomes a numbers game, consuming more of our land resources than any individual can rationalize. The more money in the credit card Financial, plus the ability to eat, feeding the ego hurt by a stronger need than cocaine. The merchants of money as end ruthless display of material wealth – complicate the situation, millions of others follow ala Thorsten Veblen in a frenzy of consumption ostentatious show "I also made its appearance. "
There is nothing wrong with money, unless someone is doing more than they can spend at the expense of employees, customers and the environment. We can have all the money in the world, but that does not buy position on human dignity or the balance of the environment.
Relentlessly condemns the excessive consumption Once our species and our planet. Elegant understatement is the key to our survival as a species.
Working in Hawaii meeting rooms, I learned that we do not need to be ruthless predators ego driven to succeed. My heroes of business had a big heart and down-to-earth resource consumption low. They realized that the honey attracts flies with vinegar, and hard-ass managers are simply hide their incompetence. Coincidentally, they have spent more time giving away their money they did it decisions.
As This vignette shows, there are more ways to measure its value as money.
"The Best Christmas gift I ever had."
In recent trading days, times were lean. School holidays found me and my backpack flipping a ride somewhere accessible from Los Angeles on the quarter system, winter holidays UCLA has been nearly a month, time to hitchhike deep into Mexico.
I had $ 50 and a backpack full of peanut butter to last a month, and I wanted to see how far I could go south. Were twelve pesos to the dollar, and I could not live forever on peanut butter and corn tortillas hot steam coming directly from the Tortillaria village. Each village has a tortillaria, but it is a true treat to find a village with banana bread baked earth. It comes every hour on the hour, so when it is the steam I can not breathe any two loaves of more – no butter, jelly or a knife – just order and "split" da mouth Brah "as I learned to say later Hawaii. Even a poor student can live forever on banana bread and peanut butter tortillas.
Just outside Mazatlan, I had a ride with a truck all the way to Mexico. I could be there one day, then over a small fishing village on the south coast Acapulco lush.
We stopped at a red light two hours south of Mazatlan. An oyster is sitting outside cabin. I could almost reach the window and have some oysters, but I have a phobia of life consumption of shellfish, the viscera and all. Whatever how the head decorates oysters Rockefeller, slimy creatures they remain insubstantial.
For some unknown reason I decided to try these shells. On an impulse I gave up my turn, "said Muchas Gracias, grabbed my backpack, and jumped Cabin on the stand oysters.
The light turns green. My friend gave me a last gesture, farewell, and disappeared in a cloud dust. What was I thinking? He went to my turn Ciudad Mexico.
I turned and grabbed an oyster from tray. What a fool. I just gave one of the best laps of my life to discover the oysters were from Mexico the same as their cousins in California. It is Rocket Science!
I surveyed the surroundings, a traffic light cross on Highway One, the main thoroughfare to the west coast of Mexico. East was home – I had no interest. However, the road West went to the coast. An extension ran along literally sticks planted in the ground, snaking along the road since I seen. The unusual length for such a sensitive device, so I asked the oyster-Monger history.
I learned there was a fishing village 40 km from the road. The extension would bring electricity to the village, and the lights were programmed to brighten the village for the first time on Christmas Eve, almost a week.
What Xmas Break luck! I been in three villages at the time of electrification now, but it was my first. This could be a real adventure, so I turned and out my right thumb on a road with almost no traffic. The road consulted several farming villages along the way – not much traffic and all stops short. I was a rather imposing figure in my late 20s – about Rugby, nearly two meters, with hair to my waist and beard almost far. On campus, the beautiful women told me they were jealous of my long shiny hair. In fact, I was a mountain man a scruffy fashion statement, and when I hitchhiked on the Mexican coast, I was always Jesus or Santa Claus Christo locals!
It took a half-dozen trips through the culture dish countries to reach the end of the road. Each driver has requested this hitchhiker unusual where I went. Whenever I said I was only following the extension. Their faces lit – Oh, you're going to the village will power on Christmas Eve!
It was big news in this district.
I finally reached the city. It was not much. Green fields stretched out behind the village, gathered around a town square austere facade of a beach and an estuary where the road ended and fishing boats began.
This place was as simple as that – and there was another American. An anthropologist, Texas Ph.D. candidate was currently completing a study of six months. He chose the coastal fishing village perfect for studying, then discovered it was mainly agricultural. He did not realize it, but the language of instruction intellectual broken Spanish was considered by villagers as something of a buffoon, and they have always been to play with his studies, responding to his "observations" with jokes and stories within ridiculous. Instead of staying for a true anthropological event – the electrification of the village study – Our future anthropologist was headed home for Christmas dinner. Villagers say goodbye gracefully, but I doubt his academic commitment in silence.
Instinctively, I camped on the beach 200 meters from the village, and passed the captain's house shrimp daily. The richest and most powerful man in the village, with the largest "house" directly on the beach, the captain had a barrel full of dried shrimp next to the table in the patio, and lots of warm beer. On my third day, he invited me in beer and shrimp, a ritual we enjoyed every afternoon for the next three weeks.
Soon, students at Guadalajara and Mexico City Ciudad joined us. I learned the emerging modern Mexico the early 70s, the son of farmers go to university to train engineers, teachers, doctors and pharmacists, to see the benefits of the "Agua Potable" projects I had seen fifteen years ago.
Forty years after Pancho Villa, Mexico has grown, Thanks and the adventures of my family, I lived the floor in the late 50s. Now, the first generation to benefit was returned to the University – my drinking buddies.
The setting was still traditional in Mexico. The captain has a real kick out of keeping Gringo. Inside its walls of adobe, we sat at a large wooden table with heavy beers non-stop and that Coffin shrimp. through the court, the women of the family was in the kitchen door I had to decide whether Jesus or Santa. In rural culture Macho, women were light years far from Women's Lib. I was wondering if their sisters UCLA understand the difference between the two neighboring worlds, or their own enjoyed tremendous opportunities in progressive California society.
I still had a good time, flirting with remote 20-somethings of my generation, is completely understandable to the extent it can go.
The anthropologist was the big topic at the patio table. Students had a great joy to tell stories of the greatest scientific dusty roads from nowhere to sites of "great importance", as they invented farming and fishing techniques absurd and humorous tales to woo the teenage strategies in an era of a society emerging. They checked the anthropologist distrust has not the slightest idea of their antics deadpan humor.
Worthwhile University of guys around the world have a mischievous streak that shows innocent Whit and creativity, especially in a rural village Mexico still without electricity.
When my friends learned that I was new to Los Angeles, ie, in Hollywood, they asked if I knew that Tom Jones, Englebert Humperdink and Carlos Santana. No wonder – these three were the stars of Mexican Pop Culture of the day. I do photography Carlos on stage during a concert United Farm Workers, and put my photos classic every time I hitchhiked in Mexico, both close-up full arm and hand in the scene with Cesar Chavez. The guy went nuts, and I certainly gained acceptance in local society – no Bonehead anthropologist here.
But Tom Jones and Englebert Humperdink?
We definitely bonded, and then the big day come – the day before Christmas.
A string of 20 very basic electric lamps hanging from a string bag and cord were hung around the town square. Even if it was the main village in the vicinity of the end of the road, the city was not yet crowded, but on the appointed day people sitting in the square for hours before the darkness, waiting to turn on the lights.
The Boys University gathered on the beach and enjoys a beautiful sunset, passing around bottles of cerveza lean given by the shrimp boat captain. They went to school in Guadalajara and had seen it all before.
As the last red disappeared from the horizon, we walked toward the square. Obviously, everyone is there. As the last light of day fell in the darkness, the mayor reversed the switch, and the place came to life. Unlike boys of the University, most villagers had never left their village and had never seen incandescent light. When it happened – in an instant – a universal sigh powered instead. The lights were not frozen although promising.
Someone started to walk around the square in a counterclockwise direction. Each member of ambulatory village, including me, soon joined. It was great. I stood a head more than anyone else, and had enough hair to tie everyone together, so I looked through a sea of sombreros we all walked in the same direction.
When I got bored with walking in a circle, it was time to play Santa Claus. I packed a red T-shirt, red hat, a box of hair spray white and small duffel bags.
Wherever I was in Mexico for Christmas Eve, I bought all the candy wrapped penny I could find. Armed with long white hair and beard, red hat and shirt and a bag of 10 kilograms of sweets over my shoulder, I walked into a Mexican town square every other day before Christmas early 70s. The script always played the same.
Kids Village to see the pictures of Santa Claus, but never a real Santa Live Santa Claus.
When I went into a town square and start to distribute candy, children were naturally Polished ordered for about one minute. All children under 12 could smell the sweet stuff, and I put them together for a first time, put a candy in a palm tree and a smile in their brains. I was soon surrounded by a sea of jumping, screaming, laughing children. At this point, I just reached in the bag, grabbed a handful and started throwing candy, like drops of rain (which wrapped candy only). Scene became a madhouse of laughter as children took the air to steal candy or doves for the majority of candy that ended in the field.
Then the most able children would know where the candy came from. Kids will start for the bag grabbing my arms and legs, went up to my shoulder. I continued to seize and throw candy with a maximum of three children clinging to each arm, praying, I ran candy before I was swamped by a sea of children laughing and shouting "Santa Claus" Santa Claus "! Finally, they've always been overwhelmed and I collapsed in a sea of excited children.
It was great. What a wonderful, positive way to celebrate Christmas – Much better than any turkey dinner calm and polite to people that I saw once a year.
This time, a real life Santa appeared in the village, on the same night the electric lights. What a miracle, perhaps more to me than the children of the village!
Christmas morning was hotter than hell a great day for the concert of the city first stone, with Live Rock 'N Roll Band.
Well, almost a band. They did not speak English, but made a valiant attempt to memorize the words. They do not speak the music either, but made a valiant attempt to. The group away from these great California Flower Power concerts 60 and 70, but I give them points for even attempting a band in these regions.
I'll never forget their rendition of Tom Jones "She's a Lady" by far the worst piece of music that I've never heard of – but one of the best memories.
The group set up against the side of a shop, the dance floor was a dirt road, and the group earns money by running a rope across the dance floor every few songs. When the dancers stepped over the rope, they paid a peso. About a dozen of us University boys sitting in a restaurant coconut frond adopted the hat every half hour so that we can buy a cerveza thin, take a sip, and pass it on. Our only issue was to determine the reason for the string collection so that we can dance without pay.
In mid-afternoon two major Winnebago crossed the village square, with all the bells and whistles. They were both mounted on the scooter front bumper and dragged small outboard boats. It was quite a shock. No villagers had seen anything like it, so they were very excited. I had a feeling more disturbing – Central America could spoil this perfect Christmas. The campers went to the estuary and hoped that where they remain.
These platforms simply do not like their occupants would be consistent with local people, and it was a very special Christmas.
About an hour later, the Louisiana rednecks invaded our Christmas party. They arrived almost comical fashion, a large overweight, Solo through each motorcycle. Husbands have been conducted, probably drunk, laughing with their wives in the passenger seat as they drove to the party habits corkscrew, almost falling several times.
The first motorcycle drove right in the middle of the dancers, where it crashed in the middle of the dance floor. What a great, generally redneck, entry totally embarrassing. Remember, this demographic group is the basis of Bush policy. Right now, "W" was a fraternity boy alcoholic evading the National Guard while that Nixon was the extension of the Vietnam War as long as possible.
In spite of their outrageous behavior, polished Mexican villagers reached over to help cyclists drunk, who came in screaming about how the dancers in their own way. Refuse to assist your hands, the couple stood up, cleaned, and left their bike on the ground in the middle of the dance floor, a fuel leak into the ground. Shouts husband began to push dancers of his way to clear an area of open dance without tripping over his own bike. It was straight out of Hollyweird, with the exception of this scene was tragically real.
When the rope came by the drunken husband fell on the chain without realizing its purpose. When Director explained, with gestures, the millionaire drew a thick silver his pocket, and shouted: "I have all the money in the world, but I do not pay a peso for this music shit. "He then fell into a couple trying to politely ignore.
They were noisy, coarse, spoke of the South and the guy literally had a red-necked, arrogant, kind unaware of people who voted for Bush in the White House and was quite stupid for re-election. It was one of those moments that make decent people ashamed to be American, so I slip on the bench later in the shade, trying to be invisible.
We have adopted our own "hat", bought another beer thin, and I took I sip. It would take more than a sip of beer in order to reduce the discomfort created by my countrymen.
Then, Redneck saw me. He froze in his gyrations, stopped dancing and went straight to our table, fists clenched, arms swinging like a cartoon determined Porky Pig. I never said a word and I tried to ignore it, but it did not work. He walked under the coconut leaves directly on the table from me. I was glad of the table separated us. I was 28, playing rugby national championship, and it was a short, drunk fat middle age. I do not want to be forced into a confrontation with physical way on Christmas Day.
"You know what you fucking hippie? You can not give a shit about money. "
"It's Christmas." I replied. "Let's just relax and have a good time. Where you from? "
Mr. Redneck came back to me. "I am a millionaire oil in Louisiana, and I know that money is everything. You hippies are not even fucked dog – - – because you do not care about money. "
All University Boys were seated at the wooden table, six on each side. while the neck Red harassed me, my friends were asking in Spanish "You are both Americans. Why is it that a problem for you? "
Rural Mexicans are much too polite to consider such behavior.
As I explained to him that all Americans are not the same, Mr. Red Neck shouted: "Hey Hippie, I'm talking about. You do not give a shit about money. "
"Listen, I'm a scholarship student at UCLA, and I keep the money, but it is not everything, it's Christmas. Relax and let these people enjoy their holidays. "
"Fucking Hippie, everything is about money. "
The sloppy redneck shameful beginning to annoy me, but not in a physical manner. This Christmas and I just wanted the village to enjoy the happiest day of their history.
I replied: "Money can buy material things, but he can not buy the most important things in life, like love. "
"Would you make a bet? Honey, come here. "He grabbed his wife by the arm, pulled her close to him, looked into my eyes and said:" Money can buy you love, "said Mr. Redneck. "Is not it honey!" Hugging his wife embarrassed so tight shoulder I'm worried his head might pop into up. I felt really sorry and embarrassed for her.
Well, maybe money can buy what you think is love, but money certainly can not buy friendship. "
"Oh, really?" Said Mr. Louisiana. "Look at this."
"Cerveza for everyone on the house!" Mr. Millionaire gallantly waved his arm across the painting as a magic wand.
It was a clever ploy. The day was hot, the table was filled with young male students, and we were so poor, there was only one bottle of beer lean on the table – empty. We all in the heat of perspiration, and a cold beer for Christmas each student be the sky.
I was ready to play the peacemaker. If that guy bought a round for everyone, he could be silent and we satisfy our thirst.
I said in Spanish "Come on, guys, forget this asshole, take the opportunity to soften the shock and enjoy a cold beer."
I was surprised when all the heads shaking "no".
In Spanish I explained, "Everyone wants a beer cool. We all know Guy is a total reflex, it will not change our friendship if we enjoy a beer. "
Long still faces shook his head no.
"OK, guys, consider beer a Christmas present."
Nothing worked. Then, in perfect English, I have never heard the previous week, an engineering student replied. "Hey, Gringo. We do not really care how much money you have, but you have offended our friend – and you're not good enough to drink with us first place!
"We do not want your beer millionaire.
Redneck M. was in shock. Like many rich and powerful, he bought a comfort zone for pimps who do not really want her friendship, but were willing to brown-nose to some of his money. To do this, they sold their friendship and their dignity. It is a common clique, the tycoon and his "confidence" of managers tell him what he wants to hear.
Even in this small Mexican village electrified poor less than 24 hours before, Mr. Millionaire finally met people so proud they could not be purchased.
He looked at his wife and said, "Well, honey, we'll get out of here." They met the other couple and the two fairing away from the party and back to the estuary.
An hour later, two Winnebago driven from the city.
The integrity of these simple villagers refuse a free beer cold on a hot day left me a friendship and a sense of character no money could never buy. To date, there is a Christmas far more important than any any material gift
I stayed in the village about ten days, until school started again Guadalajara. Each night the boys went to the University Plaza to watch their village around the fountain until midnight.
It has always been anti-clockwise, but the boys of the University, at least, everyone knew that, once the electricity came, he there was no turning back.
# # # # #
A decade later, I attended Fortune 500 rooms meeting, not in Louisiana, but in Honolulu. Hawaiian shirts, no coats and ties, holding standard and practice management professionals who are is – perhaps more. At least until my departure Alohaland in 1989, the type of power play hard-ass jerk has no chance of becoming a director a company based in Hawaii (except Harry Weinburg, who bought his way on board Alexander & Baldwin.)
My clients are very successful had money to burn, but they have never bought a friendship. Filled with Aloha Spirit, they have not to do so.
About the Author
John “Caveman” Gray, AKA Ling Yai (Thai for Big Monkey)was first published nationally in the USA in 1957 in Parade Magazine. He’s been writing, photographing and producing videos ever since. His stories have appeared in numerous national and international magazines and newspapers on everything from Science to politics and travel. You can catch many more stories in the “Readings” section at www.johngray-seacanoe.com
America’s Wars – Apocalyptica – One (Metallica Cover)
US marines, sailors, dragoons, and volunteers hold off Mexican attack, Battle of San Gabriel, US-Mexican War, 1849. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration….
Model 1841 6-pounder smooth-bore cannon used in the Mexican War, in a Confederate battery at Antietam battlefield, Maryland. Digital photograph of a gun used in both the Mexican War and in the US Civil War displayed at Antietam National Military Park, Sharpsburg, Maryland….
Western drama centers on a wily gunrunner (Burt Reynolds) who teams up with the Texas lawman (Jim Brown) pursuing him and a beautiful half-breed (Raquel Welch) in order to join an Indian revolt against the Mexican government. With Fernando Lamas, Dan O’Herlihy. 110 min. Widescreen (Enhanced); Soundtracks: English Dolby Digital stereo, Dolby Digital mono, Spanish Dolby Digital mono, French Dolby Di…
Photo Puzzle, GLAT2A-00003. Mexican troops in the mid-1800s. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration. Chosen by North Wind Picture Archives. 10×14 Photo Puzzle with 252 pieces. Packed in black cardboard box of dimensions 5 5/8 x 7 5/8 x 1 1/5. Puzzle image 5×7 affixed to box top. Puzzle pieces printed on RA4 paper at 300 dpi. This item is shipped from our American lab….
Photo Puzzle, EVNT2A-00065. General Winfield Scott leads US forces into Mexico City to end the US-Mexican War, 1847. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th century illustration. Chosen by North Wind Picture Archives. 10×14 Photo Puzzle with 252 pieces. Packed in black cardboard box of dimensions 5 5/8 x 7 5/8 x 1 1/5. Puzzle image 5×7 affixed to box top. Puzzle pieces printed on RA4 paper at 300 dpi. This…
Photo Puzzle, Battle of San Gabriel, California, 1849. US marines, sailors, dragoons, and volunteers hold off Mexican attack, Battle of San Gabriel, US-Mexican War, 1849. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration. Chosen by North Wind Picture Archives. 10×14 Photo Puzzle with 252 pieces. Packed in black cardboard box of dimensions 5 5/8 x 7 5/8 x 1 1/5. Puzzle image 5×7 affixed to box to…
In January of 1917, the war in Europe was, at best, a tragic standoff. Britain knew that Europe could be saved only if the United States joined the war. But President Wilson was unshakable in his neutrality and in his efforts to mediate peace. Then, with a single stroke, the tool to propel the United States into World War I came into a quiet British office. One of countless messages intercepted an…
James K. Polk, The Mexican War, and the Conquest of the American Continent. Brand New. Hardcover. Original jacket. Number line counts down to 1. Fine/Fine condition….
Having followed Mexico’s cartels for years, border security expert Sylvia Longmire takes us deep into the heart of their world to witness a dangerous underground that will do whatever it takes to deliver drugs to a willing audience of American consumers. The cartels have grown increasingly bold in recent years, building submarines to move up the coast of Central America and digging elaborate tunne…
When leaving Mexico and then I get the stamp in my passport revoked?
When I went to Mexico, I met a tourist visa and I know that must be paid to the Mexican bank before leaving the country. My question is, they also stamped my passport. Im wondering if I should go to the office, at the border to give IT again. Has anyone had a passport stamped and left Mexico without a stamp cancellation? Would I present problems in the future if I didn't have it stamped again at the exit?
The great majority of the time they do stamps … but you can ask them to.
Morelia Michoacan Mexico Promocional Turistico Oficial
This cute cake topper inserts into an iced cake of your choosing for an easy, fast doll cake that will delight your party guests! We love using it with the Wilton Mini Wonder Mold pan, but any small cake pan would work. Instructions available in advance so you can be prepared!…
Barcel Takis Fuego are mini corn tortilla chips that are rolled up like a small taco (similar to the deep fried taquitos). Takis Fuego are made from corn, palm oil, seasoning that includes salt sugar, natural flavors, citric acid, soy protein, yeast extract, monosodium glutamate, maltodextrin, dodium diacetate, vegetal oil, artificial flavors, onion powder, chili extract, silicate dioxide, baking …
Barcel Takis Fuego are mini corn tortilla chips that are rolled up like a small taco (similar to the deep fried taquitos). Takis Fuego are made from corn, palm oil, seasoning that includes salt sugar, natural flavors, citric acid, soy protein, yeast extract, monosodium glutamate, maltodextrin, dodium diacetate, vegetal oil, artificial flavors, onion powder, chili extract, silicate dioxide, baking …
Ibarra sweet chocolate laced with cinnamon and covered in coarse sugar. A Novamex product. MEXICAN CHOCOLATE Serve your Mexican Chocolate with churros! INGREDIENTS 3.3 oz tablet of Mexican chocolate 2-1/2 cups milk 1 tsp sugar 1/2 tsp cinnamon INSTRUCTIONS To make Mexican hot chocolate, break tablet of Mexican chocolate into pieces and bring it to a simmer with milk. Stir the mixture until the cho…
Soy un americano español altavoz y México, y he visto de pie George Lopez y muestran muchas veces, pero no puedo recordar un momento en que lo he escuchado una conversación completa con alguien en español. Él tiene sus frases pequeñas, pero yo nunca he ganado lo digo más que eso. Así que, ¿george lopez hablar español? Yo sé que él mantiene su corto español para que todos puedan entender, pero quiero alguna prueba de que hablara en español. Si en verdad habla español, tiene que haber un video, incluso un video aburrido, una entrevista nada! de él habla español … Sí, él habla Inglés … Es una pregunta tonta. Lo hace de pie y mostrar el resultado de que George López, por lo que, obviamente, habla Inglés:. Fuente (s) Usted no puede ser la serie ******* …? ____________________________ Tienes razón leer y escribir?
No lo sé. Todo lo que sé, es su rostro parece que fue esculpida de color marrón, arcilla húmeda.
Based on his winning autobiography, this hysterical performance features George Lopez discussing his life and experiences as a Latino laughmaker. Along with skewering his own troubled background, he examines the offbeat ways in which Latin American culture is perceived throughout society. 79 min. Standard; Soundtrack: English Dolby Digital stereo; Subtitles: English, Spanish; interview….
In this culture-clash comedy, Latina law student Lucia and African-American medical school graduate Marcus announce their engagement to their families. As they attempt to plan a dream wedding, they must deal with their feuding fathers and problems caused by various offbeat relatives. Can Lucia and Marcus make it down the aisle without losing their minds from stress? America Ferrera, Lance Gross, F…
In Rain of Gold, Victor Villasenor weaves the parallel stories of two families and two countriesâ¦bringing us the timeless romance between the volatile bootlegger who would become his father and the beautiful Lupe, his motherâmen and women in whose lives the real and the fantastical exist side by sideâ¦and in whose hearts the spirit to survive is fueled by a familyâs unconditiona…
Hailed by readers and critics across the country, this engrossing biography of Mexican painter Frida Kahlo reveals a woman of extreme magnetism and originality, an artist whose sensual vibrancy came straight from her own experiences: her childhood near Mexico City during the Mexican Revolution; a devastating accident at age eighteen that left her crippled and unable to bear children; her tempestu…
The focus of this book is the Expedition, the Villistas, and their leader Francisco Pancho Villa. Villa’s early life witnessed the advent of the typewriter, the telephone, linotype, the automobile, the Kodak camera, the first motion pictures, wireless telegraphy, the airplane, and the radio. In the days before his defeat at Columbus and the subsequent routing of his bands by the Punitive Expeditio…
Mexico is famous for producing the finest quality of Jewelry in the world. Most of Mexican Jewelry contains elements of silver. IT is believed that one fifth of the entire silver deposit is contained in Mexico. The country is home to the largest silver mines and is home to such cities that are exclusively popular due to its silver craftsman.
Texaco: A birth place
The most amazing of the cities is Texaco which still boasts original Mexican Jewelry shops that have been partially operating from hundred of years. Hordes of visitors from all around the world converge on the cities marketplace to buy valuable silver. The city of Texaco became famous in the 14th century due to the Spanish quests for Mexican riches. The town lost its luster two hundred years later only to be revived by the great American, William Spartling. He invited the Texcon craftsman to revive the lost art of Mexican Jewelry by using their natural skills of carving silver. Soon, the town came back into spotlight and is now the center of Mexican Jewelry art. Its museum and historical buildings such as the towering mass of Santa Prisca Cathedral provide a glimpse into the rich history of Jewelry making tradition.
A taste of Silver
Mexican Jewelry and silver are synonymous to each other. The silver is used to enhance the beauty of precious stones and gold pendants. Mexican craftsman are adept in crafting Jewelry that has many forms and textures. The silver used in Mexican jewelry is very pure; therefore it is able to produce immense reflection. Another kind of silver that is used in Mexico contains high deposits of rhodium. The metal makes silver thick and has a darker finish. Such is the density of rhodium that it is known as white gold. Mexican Jewelry, due to a high tendency of silver had been known to tarnish. Now, many manufacturers use a polished compound that reduces the purity to 92.5 percent but greatly enhance the life of Mexican Jewelry.
About the Author
Article by Jack Gourden. On our website we have articles on Mexican Jewelry and we also host the top info on Gourd Art
Photo Puzzle, Real de Catorce, former silver mining town, San Luis Potosi state, Mexico,. Real de Catorce, former silver mining town, San Luis Potosi state, Mexico, North America. Chosen by Robert Harding. 10×14 Photo Puzzle with 252 pieces. Packed in black cardboard box of dimensions 5 5/8 x 7 5/8 x 1 1/5. Puzzle image 5×7 affixed to box top. Puzzle pieces printed on RA4 paper at 300 dpi. This it…
Photo Puzzle, Bullion Office. Bank of England. Compartment in the Bullion. Engraving of vauly in the Bank of England used for storing sacks full of Mexican Silver Dollars. A Bank official in uniform with tricorn hat is unloading a cart stacked with sacks and piling them in the vault. Chosen by Mary Evans. 10×14 Photo Puzzle with 252 pieces. Packed in black cardboard box of dimensions 5 5/8 x 7 5/8…
Photo Puzzle, Real de Catorce, former silver mining town, San Luis Potosi state, Mexico,. Real de Catorce, former silver mining town, San Luis Potosi state, Mexico, North Americaa 10;. Chosen by Robert Harding. 10×14 Photo Puzzle with 252 pieces. Packed in black cardboard box of dimensions 5 5/8 x 7 5/8 x 1 1/5. Puzzle image 5×7 affixed to box top. Puzzle pieces printed on RA4 paper at 300 dpi. Th…
In her most accomplished novel, Barbara Kingsolver takes us on an epic journey from the Mexico City of artists Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo to the America of Pearl Harbor, FDR, and J. Edgar Hoover. The Lacuna is a poignant story of a man pulled between two nations as they invent their modern identities….
“Astounding…Fast-moving, Intriguing…James Michener is back in huge, familiar form with MEXICO.”LOS ANGELES DAILY NEWSHere is the story of an American journalist who travels to Mexico to report on the upcoming duel between two great matadors, but who is ultimately swept up in the dramatic story of his Mexican ancestors. From the brutality and brilliance of the ancients, to the iron fist of the …
Up-to-date prices and new coin prices make the 2012 North American Coins & Prices the must-have price guide if you are a collector of coins from the United States, Canada and/or Mexico.
This one volume contains nearly 47,000 individual coin listings that are organized by country, denomination and date of issue.
The United states section begins with early Colonia…
